How Cell Phones have Become a Danger to us Research Paper

How Cell Phones have Become a Danger to us - Research Paper Example The total number of users with cell phones is currently at 10 million worldwide (Corbett, 1). This is occasioned by the increase in the number of cell phone manufacturers in the market, hence leading to thousands of handsets available in the market lowering their prices. Today cell phones have features such as internet connectivity that enables them to browse the internet and download information. It enables transactions to take place and enhance communication between people through social sites. There is instant messaging service that enables them to send messages to peers online. Bluetooth and infrared connectivity has enabled users to send and receive files between interconnected cell phones. Electronic book reader capability enables the user to read and access online e-books and read them at their own convenient time. Mobile phones today have mp3, 3gp and online streaming capability that make them a form of entertainment for users. The user can download, save and listen to music and watch videos at their time of liking. Software companies have developed software’s like apple, opera, iphone that enable users to customize phones to their needs. In addition, with all these developments in the cell phone industry, there are several negative influences of cell phones use. Excessive use of cell phones has brought about health problems to the user. Cell phones communicate using microwave radiations that damage brain cells leading to increased chances of brain cancer. Use of cell phones for more than 500 hours per month, for 10 years, increase chances of brain cancer to the individual. Cell phones are known to cause mild and severe headaches to the users, together with ear irritability when the user talks on the phone for long periods. There is the irritability and fatigue caused when the user talks for a long time, as the radioactive materials that it emits reaches the brain cells and enters the nervous system (ControlYourImpact, p 1). Prolonged use of hand set accessories such as headphones and earphones can lead to partial deafness. Additionally another health hazard is placement of cell phones near the male productive organs that may increase infertility among men. Cell phones emit radiations to receive the signal whether they are in use or not and this has been seen to reduce the sperm count in males. The design and manufacturing of newer versions of cell phones has influenced the individual and society negatively. Presence of newer versions means that to the user there will be the need to buy another cell phone and discard the older one, even though it is still functional. This may lead to extra expenses as the user acquires the new handset or upgrades some of the features. Features like mp3 capability added with accessories like a headset and Bluetooth have made the users enjoy their music without having to use their phones. Another feature is the gaming capability of these handsets that make users concentrate on games in the cel l phone or online even in public and other places. This causes lapse in concentration and may make the individual ignore others and act carelessly making them susceptible to accidents. Moreover, users may talk in the public or even pick their calls or send messages in places where the usage of cell phones is restricted for example, in

Psychology Journal Article Review Essay Example for Free

Psychology Journal Article Review Essay Has the influence of others ever affected your decision making skills, or made you question yourself about the decision you made? In the aim to test whether or not pressure from a group of people affects a persons’ ability to conform. Psychologist Solomon E Asch decided to conduct an experiment to justify his theory. Asch gathered college students in groups of eight to ten where they were told that he was only studying visual perception. They were then given a simple line judgment task where the answer was made very obvious. The task was to decide which one of the lines on the right was identical to the line on the left. This was done over and over again for about eighteen times. However the trick in the experiment was that out of all the students in the group only one student was the one being tested. The rest of the students were instructed to provide incorrect answers to twelve out of the eighteen times they were asked about the lines. Purposely, Asch made sure that the person being experimented sat next-to-the-last person in each group to provide his answer so that he would hear most of the other incorrect answers before giving his own. They then would see if the individual would keep their choice or just conform to everybody else’s decision just because the majority of the group agreed to it. After the experiment Asch found out that thirty-seven out of fifty students that were being experimented on conformed to the majority’s decision at least once. However, fourteen of the fifty students conformed more than six times during the assessment. Asch being very bothered by these results stated The tendency to conformity in our society is so strong that reasonably intelligent and well-meaning young people are willing to call white black. This is a matter of concern. It raises questions about our ways of education and about the values that guide our conduct. ( McLeod, S. A. (2007) Simply Psychology [On-line] UK: Available: http://www. simplypsychology. pwp. blueyonder. co. uk/ Accessed: January 17, 2010). After the experiment when the subjects were being asked why they conformed to the answer some of them said that because they did really think that the other answers were correct. Another reason was that they just went along with everybody else’s same opinion because they did were basically afraid of being different of being thought of as dumb or unusual by the rest of his peers. Due to this Asch came to conclude that people conform for two main reasons one because the individual wants to be liked by the group or maybe because you believe that since you are doing the something different than the rest that they are better informed than you. Asch found out that the aspect that influences conformity is the size of the opposite people having the different opinion than you. He concluded that it is hard to sustain what you see versus something that nobody else sees. Pressure given by the expressed thoughts and opinions of other people can lead to change and alterations successfully making you see almost nothing. Alteration meaning changing your perception about the way the lines were being viewed in order to match with everybody else. In this assessment the independent variable were all the different students that were being tested with the same people in the room, these same students being there provided the same answers to the question sixteen out of eighteen times. The dependant variable was the test being taken and how many wrong answers were being provided for the subject of the experiment to see. In my opinion these results would have been different if we had paid more attention to the kind of people that were being analyzed. For example a person having a high self esteem versus someone having no self esteem at all which then would rapidly make them change their decision. This experiment could have been conducted better if they would have taken these factors in mind or if they would have just tested a similar group of people. Here you might have had people that will most likely listen to other people and then you have the people that are not afraid to be different . I think this experiment showed the correct by just a few people not conforming to everybody else’s choices because there are a very few people like that out in the world today . I think that these results will not really apply to other participants in other places at other experimental times because as stated before maybe not all the subject being tested might have the same mentality to change their answers that quick to be accepted by everyone else. This experiment however has a well contribution to the field of psychology explaining conformity and the different ways that pressure from people has an impact on you. In my cased I believe that everyone should read this experiment and that future edition of ext book should reference this experiment because it would be a great discussion topic and would bring up a good subject to talk about within our peers. This experiment has an impact in what our society is going thru today I believe we have a lot of individuals that are scared to be different I think this takes part greatly on the media and what he have seen growing up. Many people believe that always conforming to what everybody else is used to is always the right thing but what justifies this? Who has the right to say what is right is right and just because the majority of people believe this way it shouldn’t be the same you think. We shouldn’t have to format our minds to somebody else’s. That is the whole idea everyone is different in their own individual way which is what makes each and every one of us if not this world would be such a boring place. As reading about this experiment it’s silly but what came to mind was the show how wasn’t to be a millionaire. In that show which I believe you a bit reference on there is choices you have when you don’t know the answer to a question one of the choices is to ask the audience then the audience votes and obviously the contestant picks the answer they got the most votes. Then it is up to the individual to choose the answer that he thinks it is right nine out ten times the answer that the audience picks is correct which in this case this experiment would not justify the situation. Then we can ask is the individual doubting himself is he afraid to be different? Or in this matter is it not important whether or not they want to be different because there in money involved on the line. Different situations can alter your decision and decision making skills depending on the situation you are in and whether or not you choose to be different in that particular situation. Whether or not you choose to be different should be your decision and not a group of people. Knowing who you are plays big role in this case and if it is hard for you to find the right path then I think that it is better that you find it on your own first before asking someone else for advice and that is how you will find your true self which will then tell you apart from everybody else.

Fidel Castro :: essays research papers

Fidel Castro Ruz was born on August 13, 1926 (some sources give 1927), on his family's sugar plantation near Biran, Oriente, Province. His father was an immigrant from Galcia, Spain. He attended good Catholic schools in Santiago de Cuba and Havana, where he took the sparten regime at a Jesuit boarding school, Colegio de Belen. In 1945 he enrolled at the University of Havana, graduating in 1950 with a law degree. In 1948, he married Mirta Diaz-Balart and divorced her in 1954. Their son, Fidel Castro Ruz Diaz-Balart, born in 1949, has served as head of Cuba's atomic energy commission. Fidel Castro Ruz, Cuba's enduring "maximum leader," has held power since 1959. He is president (since 1976; formerly prime minister), first secretary of the Cuban Communist party, and commander of the armed forces. His decisions are final on matters of domestic and foreign policy. A member of the social-democratic Orthodoxo party in the late 1940s and 1950s, Castro was an early and vocal opponent of the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. In 1952, he ran for election to the Cuban House of Representatives. But troops led by Batista halted the election and ended democracy in Cuba. As a result of Batista's actions, Castro tried to start a revolution against the Batista dictatorship. He eventually succeeded on January 1, 1959 and took control of the Cuban govenment. Castro, who has no rivals for power, demands the absolute loyalty of those around him. As a lawyer by training, Castro led the Cuban Revolution and transformed the island into the first Communist state in the Western Hemisphere. He has been less than successful as an economic policymaker: Cuba remains a poor country in debt whose livelihood depended on sugar production and Soviet economic aid -- which was cut off after the demise of the Soviet Union.

Leadership Essay -- Leader Leadership

Leadership There are at least two things you can say about leadership without sounding stupid or exaggerating, 1) Leaders are important, and secondly 2) There is always a leadership crisis of one kind or another, at any given time; e.g. shortage or incompetence, evil, crooked, inadequate, you name it. As simplistic as these statements may sound, they are paramount to any study or discussion of leadership and its effectiveness. In this paper, I would like to elaborate upon some qualities of a good leader, the relationship between leaders and the followers, the difference between a leader and a manager, between leadership and authority, and finally touch upon the possible evils and misuse of power and leadership positions. We have all heard that leaders are born and not made. I do not agree with this statement in the least. While some leadership qualities are innate to all people, the most notable leaders are churned out after years of experience and practice of certain skill-sets. Effective leaders are rare. They are created through the trials and tribulations of managing or working with people in a variety of settings. Most good leaders have had their fair share of hard knocks that awakened them to the greater potential within their scope of influence. Effective leaders are excellent communicators, able to speak the many languages of the individuals within the groups they lead. A good leader pays attention to the facts and then makes decisions based on objective analysis of those facts. Effective leaders naturally motive people from their actions, which include showing respect, listening, reflecting, and negotiating through conflict. Leaders encourage and empower people to achieve success rather than place blame. Leaders ... ...isuse power because those with power feel morally superior. There is one school of thought that believes that power corrupts slowly and gradually, while some others believe that those who misuse their position, do so in bold strikes. Leaders inherently have power and influence over their followers. There have been instances in history where leaders are granted god-like status, with absolute right to making judgments. This is true even in some cases in today's world vis-Ã  -vis national and religious leaders of major faiths. Leaders can also take advantage of the general reluctance to take on responsibility and accountability. By being willing to take on those burdens, a charismatic leader can amass a range of powers, including those that are in conflict, such as the power both to propose and approve acquisitions or to execute and account for securities transactions.

MBA essay

Dear , As a student of [state you university here] taking up Mathematical and Computer Science,]   I was trained to be proficient in the various disciplines within the sciences.   And now that I am graduating this December 2007, I plan to take up master’s in business administration in Lamar in order to pursue my short-term goal of expanding my knowledge in business. I believe that having expertise in both science and business could help me a lot in terms of my career path and personal development. Science and business are two fields that offer bountiful opportunities especially if complemented with each other. I believe that science incorporated with a good business acumen would be instrumental in the realization of my long-term goal of being a manager for an esteemed company in the future. I believe that a master’s in business administration would prove to be assistive for my dream to hold a managerial position in a reputable company. Taking a Lamar master’s in business administration would be of help in terms of giving me more insight in how to make a business venture successful and beneficial to many people. At present, I observe that mainstream business tend to be more focused in just earning money alone. The ethical side of business is often forgotten in order to give way to the unrelenting drive for profit. Questions such as â€Å"How could this business be advantageous to the general populace?†Ã‚   or â€Å"How could this business help create wealth for many people† are now in danger of becoming obsolete. It was thus encouraging to know that the Lamar MBA puts a stress on business ethics. This shows the integrity of the university in imparting to its students (and would-be students) an ethical and at the same time profitable business venture. What also encouraged me to apply is the university’s experiential approach to analyzing situations and solving problems. This makes the program more dynamic since it doesn’t adhere to one formula alone. It allows the students to utilize lessons culled from their own experiences in order to make business more effective. This is exiting and challenging for me given my background. Having middle eastern roots, I came from a very conservative family. My decision to study in the US was very difficult considering that my family was disposed to the idea that I stay and study in my own country [state your country here]. After a good deal of convincing, my family finally approved my decision to study here in the US. I would have easily given up if not for my belief for a globally focused business. And being a melting pot of different cultures, US is an ideal place to exercise my belief for unity in diversity. Seeing and experiencing two different worlds was a profoundly life-changing experience. It actually shaped my identity as a multi-perspective individual.   This I believe forms the basis of my leadership qualities. To be a good leader, one must be able to accommodate various ideas in order to make something more vibrant and varied. My idea of a good leader is someone who is open-minded yet at the same time firm in making decisions. I got my idea of how a leader should be after working for two months in the US military. I chose to work in the military in order to learn straight from my father who works in the military as a general manager. There, I witnessed the effective way of dealing with different kinds of people. I have learned that respect is a key element in team building. For a particular team to function, the members, especially the leader, must show respect to everyone. Each one must also be disciplined and professional in dealing with the task at hand. Moreover, constructive criticisms should always be expected from everyone in order to correct what needs to be corrected. My idea of an effective leader was affirmed after taking a class under Professor [name the professor here.] He now teaches in Lamar university, and this is also one of the reasons why I am applying to this program. Professor [name of professor here] taught me a lot of valuable things that could not be found in our textbooks. This is not to say however, that he dismissed the importance of learning from books. What he did in our class was complement the things found in our textbook with practical lessons from our daily experiences. The effect was a much more comprehensive class. He also understood each of his students’ own capabilities and did not in any way try to set one standard of what a â€Å"good† student is. For him, all of us have potential and it is actually up to us to hone and nurture that   potential. This encouraged the students to work harder and be more efficient. I wouldn’t deny that my desire to apply in this university is partly due him. But above all, it is my determination to learn business that inspired me to apply to this program. Given my disposition and qualifications, I tender my application in the hope of getting accepted. I believe that my vision for an ethical business combined with science fits into this master’s program. To my mind, the master’s program would be a great venue for me to fully realize my potential and vision for a new brand of business. Through this program, I believe I could learn more and at the same time impart something that would further enliven our knowledge of business. Hoping for your positive response,   

Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry Book Review and Summary

Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry Book Review and Summary Mildred Taylor’s Newbery award-winning book Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry chronicles the inspiring story of the Logan family in Depression-era Mississippi. Based on her own family’s history with slavery, Taylor’s story about one black family’s struggle to keep their land, their independence, and their pride amid racial discrimination create a compelling and emotionally rich experience for middle-grade readers. Summary of the Story Set amid the Great Depression and the racially charged South, the story of the Logan family is told through the eyes of 9-year-old Cassie. Proud of her heritage, Cassie is familiar with the oft-told tale of how her Grandpa Logan worked to acquire his own land. An anomaly among the tenant farming black families they know, the Logan family must work doubly hard to make their tax and mortgage payments. When Mr. Granger, a wealthy white businessman and a powerful voice in the community, makes it known he wants the Logans land, he sets into motion a series of events forcing the Logans to rally other Black families in the area to boycott the local mercantile shop. In an attempt to assuage their neighbors’ fear of retaliation, the Logans use their own credit and agree to purchase the goods needed. Problems for the Logans begin when Mama loses her teaching job and the bank suddenly calls due the remaining mortgage payment. Matters get worse when Papa and Mr. Morrison, the farm hand, are involved in a skirmish that results in a broken leg for Papa rendering him unable to work. In a climactic moment born of racial tension and fear for their lives, the Logan family learns that TJ, their young neighbor, is involved in a robbery with two local white boys. In a race to protect TJ and stop a tragedy, the Logans will have to be willing to sacrifice the possessions their family has worked generations to acquire. About the Author, Mildred D. Taylor Mildred D. Taylor loved listening to her grandfather’s stories of growing up in Mississippi. Proud of her family heritage Taylor began to write stories that reflected the troubled times of growing up black in the south during the Great Depression. Wanting to tell the black history she felt was missing in school textbooks, Taylor created the Logan family a hardworking, independent, loving family who owned land. Taylor, born in Jackson, Mississippi but raised in Toledo, Ohio grew up revering her grandfather’s stories of the South. Taylor graduated from the University of Toledo and then spent time in the Peace Corps teaching English and history in Ethiopia. Later she attended the School of Journalism at the University of Colorado. Believing that American history books didn’t portray the accomplishments of black people, Taylor strove to incorporate the values and principles her own family raised her with. Taylor said that when she was a student, what was in the textbooks and what she knew from her own upbringing represented a terrible contradiction. She sought in her books about the Logan family to counteract that. Awards and Accolades 1977 John Newbery MedalAmerican Book Award Honor BookALA Notable BookNCSS-CBC Notable Childrens Trade Book in the Field of Social StudiesBoston Globe-Horn Book Award Honor Book The Logan Family Series Mildred D. Taylor’s writings about the Logan family are presented  in the order that the Logan family stories unfold. Note that despite the story order listed below, the books were not written in sequence. The Land, Book One (2001)The Well, Book Two (1995)Mississippi Bridge, Book Three (1990)Song of the Trees, Book Four, illustrated by Jerry Pinkney (1975)The Friendship, Book Five (1987)Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, Book Six (1976)Let the Circle Be Unbroken, Book Seven (1981)The Road to Memphis, Book Eight (1990) Review and Recommendation The best historical stories are born from unique family histories, and Mildred D. Taylor has plenty. Taking the stories passed down to her from her grandfather, Taylor has given young readers an authentic story of a southern Black family not typically represented in historical fiction. The Logans are a hardworking, intelligent, loving, and independent family. As Taylor expresses in an author interview, it was important to her that Black children understand that they have people in their history who cherished these values. These values are passed down to Cassie and her brothers who see their parents exercise restraint and wise judgment in very difficult situations. The struggle, survival, and determination to do what’s right in the face of injustice make this story inspiring. In addition, Cassie as narrator brings an element of righteous indignation to her character that will make readers applaud her and yet worry for her at the same time. While Cassie is angry and resents the subservient apologies she is forced to admit to a white girl, she’s spunky enough to find more subtle means of getting her revenge. Cassie’s comic moments upset her older brother who knows that such childish antics could lead to physical harm to their family. The Logan children quickly learn that life isn’t all about school and games as they realize they are targets of racial hatred. Although this is Taylor’s second book about the Logan family, she has gone back over the years to write more books, creating an eight volume series. If readers enjoy reading richly detailed, emotionally moving stories about the human spirit, then they’ll enjoy this award-winning, unique story about the Logan family. Because of the historical value of this story and the opportunity it provides for middle-grade readers to learn more about the consequences of racial discrimination, this book is recommended for ages 10 and up. (Penguin, 2001. ISBN: 9780803726475) More African-American History Books for Children If you are looking for excellent childrens books, both fiction and nonfiction, about African American history, some excellent titles include: by Kadir Nelson, I Have a Dream by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr, Ruth and the Green Book by Calvin Alexander Ramsey and One Crazy Summer by Rita Garcia-Williams. Source: Penguin Author Page, Award Annals, Logan Family Series

germany after world war 1 essays

germany after world war 1 essays Assess the impact of the German army on the political process in Germany between 1918 and 1933 (1200 words) The German army both supported and undermined the political process in Germany between 1918 and 1933. It also held influence over the performance of individual political parties and the power that the government held. However the size of the German army reduced its power to defend or attack the government. In this way the Treaty of Versailles effected the impact the German military could make for or against the government. At the same time the size meant that the army generally remained united and in this way were more efficient when used for a purpose. Overall its impact was as a peacekeeper and thus it spent more time keeping order than upsetting the German political process. To assess the impact of the army on the political process within Germany it is necessary to look at and assess the capabilities of the military. The Treaty of Versailles dramatically decreased the size of the German military. The German General-Staff was abolished and the army itself restricted to 100, 000 men. The effect of this was however to create a very tight nit unit. By reducing the army to only its best and most experienced troops the government were left with little influence within that inner circle. Thus the army held little loyalty towards the new republic. This process also routed out the poorer working class members of the military, potential leftist supporters. Therefore the German army were always inclined to support right wing revolutionaries. Left wing uprisings however were ruthlessly put down allowing men such as Hitler to work his way into power. However the fact that the military was so small allowed revolutionaries hope for success and thus the Treat y of Versailles plays a significant role in distabilising Germanies political process for years to come. The defeat of the Spartacist movement i ...

Social Media Image Sizes The Best Guide Every Marketer Needs

Social Media Image Sizes The Best Guide Every Marketer Needs Social media image sizes change from time to time. If you’re not constantly paying attention, you might inadvertently ask a designer to create an image that doesn’t use proper dimensions. That leads to posts that look, well, weird. Plus, with multiple post and content formats on several different networks, keeping tracking of everything in your head can quickly become impossible. Fear weird posts no more. With this complete and updated bookmarkable resource, you can easily find the best dimensions for every post and visual element you need on each major social channel. In addition, this post will also explore: The best tools for creating social media visual content. Even if you don’t have access to a designer, you can still create great graphics. Max file sizes for video content. Along with static images, video is only getting more important on social media. Examples of what different types of social posts and images look like. Don’t worry if there are any profile elements or post image types you haven’t heard of. You’re about to be an expert. Tip: Did you know is the best all-in-one marketing management platform for social media and all other projects and campaigns? See what it can do for your social media marketing. The Best Social Media Image Sizes Guide For Marketers via @Download 100+ Free Images You Can Use on Social Media You’re busy, stock photography is expensive, and you want high-quality social media images. Here’s 100+ royalty-free photos and images you can use to create your own posts (along with a free Photoshop CC action to make resizing them easy). Plus, an included social media calendar template will make it easy to plan every post before you publish.Table of Contents: Facebook Image Sizes Twitter Image Sizes Instagram Image Sizes LinkedIn Image Sizes Pinterest Image Sizes Google+ Image Sizes Tumblr Image Sizes YouTube Image Sizes TL;DR: The Complete List of Social Media Image Sizes Just looking for some quick answers? No worries. Here’s the full list of dimensions this post will cover (all dimensions listed by pixels): Facebook Profile Photo: 180 x 180 Profile Photo Thumbnail (Across Facebook): 32 x 32 Cover Photo: 820 x 312 Newsfeed Post: 1,200 x 630 Milestone: 1,200 x 717 Shared Link: 1,200 x 627 Shared Images: 1,200 x 630 Highlighted Images: 1,200 x 717 Event Image: 1920 x 1080 Instagram Profile Image: 110 x 110 Page Thumbnails: 161 x 161 Image Posts: 1080 x 1080 Stories: 1080 x 1920 Pinterest Profile Image: 165 x 165 Pins: 236 px. Expanded Pins: 600 px. Board Display: 222 x 150 Twitter Profile Image: 400 x 400 Twitter Header Image: 1,500 x 500 (3,000 x 1,000 may display better) Background Image: 1,920 x 1,200 In-stream Tweet Photo: 440 x 220 (minimum) GIFs: 1280 x 1080 (recommended) LinkedIn Company Logo: 300 x 300 Cover Image: 1536 x 768 Overview Tab: 1536 x 768 Hero Image: 1128 x 376 Custom Modules: 502 x 282 Company Photos: 900 x 600 Google+ Profile Image: 250x250 Cover: 1,080x608 Maximum Image Size: 2120x1192 Tumblr Profile Image: 128x128 Posts: 500x700 Image Size Limit: 1280x1920Here's the entire list of the most important social media image sizes every marketer needs to know:The Full List of Supported Image File Types and Sizes (By Network) In addition to understanding the best dimensions for social media images pixel-wise, it’s also important to know which file types are supported, and how large they can be. Follow this easy chart: Facebook Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, and GIF. Maximum Dimensions: 2048 by 2048 pixels. File Sizes: Less than 100 KB is recommended for cover photos. No apparent limit on news feed posts. Instagram Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG. Maximum Dimensions: 2048 by 2048 pixels. Twitter Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF, WEBP. File Sizes: 5 MB or less for static images. 15 MB or less for GIFs. Number of Frames (GIF): 350 or less. Pinterest Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. File Size: No apparent limit. LinkedIn Supported File Types for SlideShare: PDF, ODP, PPT, DOC, RTF, ODT, TXT. SlideShare File Size Limit: 300MB. Supported Image File Types on LinkedIn: JPG, PNG, GIF (static). Image File Size Limit for Pulse Articles: 10MB. Logo: 4MB. Banner / Hero Image: 2MB. Google Plus Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. Tumblr Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. Must be RGB (not CMYK). Static Image File Limit: 20MB for static images. GIF File Limit: 3MB. YouTube Channel Profile Images: JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF.Curious which file types are supported on each social network? Bookmark this post:The Complete Visual Guide to Social Media Image Sizes Here are all the most important sizes and dimensions you need to know, presented in one infographic: Why Does Any of This Matter? That’s a fair question that can be answered in two parts: Using sub-optimal image sizes looks bad. You put too much work into social media marketing to get sloppy. Not knowing acceptable file types and sizes can lead to frustration. Not to mention time wasted trying to get files down to size. Time saved equals greater opportunity for more productivity. Facebook Image Sizes Facebook has been embattled in a number of recent controversies. It has also been getting harder to generate organic reach on the platform over the past few years. But, with 2.19 billion active users, it’d be foolhardy for any company to ignore it. Make sure you’re representing your brand well by following these image guidelines. Here are the ideal image dimensions for Facebook via @Profile Photo Dimensions: 180 by 180 Pixels In most cases, the best option for a business page profile photo is your logo. If you’re a solo consultant, you might also consider a headshot. But, like we said, logos are always a good idea. Facebook Cover Photo Size: 820 by 312 Pixels Your cover photo offers lots of visual real estate to communicate what your brand is all about. For example, the cover image clearly displays the company’s mission: Rather than a static image, you might opt for a cover video, like this example from Red Bull: Posted by Red Bull on Thursday, May 3, 2018 Shared Images: 1,200 by 630 Pixels (Appears 470 Pixels Wide) When an image is shared, it appears in the user’s followers news feeds. It’s recommended that they be uploaded at 1,200x630 px, although they’ll appear smaller in news feeds. This is likely to ensure they look sharp and maintain quality resolution. The height of these images may vary. Milestone Images: 1,200 x 717 Pixels Milestones are an effective yet underappreciated aspect of Facebook business pages. For brands with rich history, they’re a great way to show off how far your company has come, and what you’ve accomplished. Here's an example from Ford Motor Company: Event Images: 1920 by 1080 Pixels Facebook events remain powerful for attracting audiences. While they appear smaller in news feeds and on actual event pages, they expand considerably when clicked (where captions can also provide more context). Here’s an example: Instagram Image Sizes Instagram is all about strong visual content. And, as of September 2017, it had 800 million active users. That’s a potentially enormous audience that might see your posts. So, make sure every post looks its best by following these image guidelines. Here are the ideal image dimensions for all things Instagram via @Profile Photo: 110 by 110 Pixels Again, similar to Facebook, it’s recommended to use your logo. No need to get too creative here. What could be more iconic than this example from Nike? Profile Thumbnails: 161 by 161 Pixels These are thumbnails for each post that appear on profiles. For context, here’s what these look like on Red Bull’s Instagram page: In-Feed Photos: 1080 by 1080 Pixels So, what about actual Instagram posts? They appear as 1080 by 1080 squares. Here’s an example from Mod Cloth: Summer of rainbows ðŸÅ'ˆ // Find our Come Colorfully Denim Shorts via link in bio â  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬ â  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬ #modcloth #ootd #springstyle #rainbow #rainbowlove #rainbowlife #springfashion #thatsdarling #flashesofdelight A post shared by ModCloth (@modcloth) on May 16, 2018 at 9:12am PDT Instagram Stories: 1920 x 1080 Instagram Stories appear taller than standard posts. Here’s an example from Vans: Twitter Image Sizes By the end of the first quarter of 2018, Twitter had 318 million monthly active users. That may not be as many as Facebook or Instagram, but it’s nothing to overlook, either. Here’s how to help make sure your Twitter presence looks its best. Curious which image dimensions are best for all things Twitter? Get the 411 here from @Twitter Profile Photos: 400 by 400 Pixels You probably know what’s coming next: for brands, logos are the way to go. Some exceptions might be logos for specific campaigns or events you’re promoting. Here’s a simple example from Casper, a brand that’s mastered their Twitter copy (seriously, check them out if you haven’t before): Ideal Twitter Header Size: 1,500 by 500 Pixels Twitter headers are particularly wide. Striking photography and branding are key to make yours stand out, rather than be overlooked. They also offer plenty of room to promote new features or products. Here’s an example from Stitcher: In-feed Post Images: 440 by 220 Pixels (Minimum), So, once your tweets are out in the open, what’s the best image size? As long as they’re 440 by 220 pixels, they should look okay (larger photos will scale down). LinkedIn Image Sizes For professionals, LinkedIn is an invaluable networking and development tool. While it’s sometimes overlooked, it reached 500 million users in April 2017. That’s certainly nothing to sneeze at, and here’s how to make sure you’re making the best impression possible. What are the best image sizes for everything on LinkedIn? Get the answers from @hereCompany Logo: 300 by 300 Pixels No surprise here. Getting your logo out there is important, and it’s what people expect to see. Cover Image: 1,536 by 768 Pixels Similar to Twitter, cover images on LinkedIn fit the full width of the screen. However, they may be partially obscured by ads: Overview Tab: 320 by 120 Pixels Here’s where you’ll find the Overview tab on company pages: Life Tab Hero Image: 1,128 by 376 Pixels This appears on a tab on the right side of your company page: Here’s how it appears when clicked: Career Page Custom Modules: 502 by 282 Pixels Custom modules allow brands to add more copy and images to their company page. Here’s what those look like: Pinterest Image Sizes Pinterest isn’t just for sharing photos of dream projects and hobby ideas. With 200 million monthly active users, there’s a large audience out there for companies to reach. Plus, since its often used as a platform for gathering ideas for projects and interests, there’s opportunity to directly sell those products to customers that are actively in a research and shopping mindset. What size should images be on Pinterest? Get the answers from @herePinterest Profile Photo Size: 165 x 165 Pixels Logo it up! Board Covers: 222x150 Pixels These are images that appear when visitors scroll through your boards. Rather than leaving them to default options, you can actually specify a board cover that conveys what that board is all about. In this example, the board on the right doesn’t use a board cover, and looks a bit cluttered. The one on the right does use one (the larger left-aligned guitar image), though, which helps create a cleaner, more uniform appearance across your boards. Main Page Pins: 236 Pixels Standard pins will appear at 236 pixels. That isn’t too big, so make sure your Pins are clear enough that people will still be able to recognize what they are at that size: However, according to Canva, the optimal upload size is 735 by 1,102 pixels (with the understanding they’ll be scaled down on your board). Expanded Pins: 600 Pixels (Minimum) When a Pin is clicked to expand, it will appear at a minimum of 600 pixels wide: Google+ Image Sizes Google+ is considered by many to be a social media ghost town. However, there are some organizations who still get use from the platform, particularly those who uses its Communities. If you’re still getting results from Google’s social platform, make the most of your visuals. What are the ideal image sizes for Google+? Find out via @hereGoogle+ Profile Picture: 250 by 250 Pixels And, once again, it’s a good idea to make this your logo for branding and recognition purposes. Google+ Cover Photo: 1,080 by 608 Pixels Those may sound like oddly specific dimensions, but if Google+ has something going for it here, it’s that the cover photo offers a lot of space to show off some creativity. Tumblr Image Sizes Tumblr is a social blogging and image sharing site that’s tough to pin down. Since there are tons of different themes available, content might display differently depending on your account is configured. While somewhat overlooked by brands, it has 794 million active users per month, placing it just slightly behind Instagram. Tumblr Profile Photo: 128 by 128 Pixels (Minimum) Your logo is once again a solid choice here, but keep in mind that beyond your home page, there aren’t many places on Tumblr where it will appear. Here’s a simple example from Denny’s: Image Posts: 500 by 750 Pixels This is the width image posts will appear in user’s dashboards. YouTube Image Sizes YouTube is, of course, a video platform. But, profiles do need some static images, too.

The effects of dehydration on the body and cognitive function Essay

The effects of dehydration on the body and cognitive function - Essay Example The results of dehydration are manifold, as water is related to the provision of oxygen and hydrogen that are important sources of energy production, yet they are most often manifested in general tiredness of the body along with deficiency in cognitive function of the human body. Since it is difficult to define cognition due to the number of psychological and physiological capabilities it comprises, researchers have often broke it divided the term into specific aspects of cognition that are being assessed. These aspects include cognitive functions such as short-term memory, working memory, discrimination between one’s perception, visual-motor function (Szinnai et al., 2005), proficiency in arithmetic, spatial memory and alertness during divided attention (D’Anci et al., 2009). Dehydration however, culminates into impacts on not only the cognitive but also the physical effects on the health of an individual. The impacts have been investigated on both young and old people participating in extensive strenuous exercises (thus dehydrating them), and also by seeking the biochemical basis of physical and cognitive instability. This paper explores the relationship between dehydration and the physical and mental well-being of individuals, in light of five different articles that have researched into the effects of dehydration. Dehydration has always been of primary concern amongst people who have excessive demand for water and are likely to be unable to adequately compensate for it. Since this category includes mostly sportsmen, a large number of researches have explored the effects that dehydration has on healthy individuals. One such research reported that performance of athletes who competed in a marathon for recreational purposes was either not affected by dehydration or was enhanced in certain people. Although this study seems to be inconsistent with certain widely acclaimed theories, its results are explained by the

Torture at Abu Ghraib Followed CIA's Manual Essay

Torture at Abu Ghraib Followed CIA's Manual - Essay Example The contents of the article seemed to be a disturbing masterpiece evidencing proofs of torture from a well respected intelligence organization, the Central Intelligence Agency. The author proffered issues relative to an innovative form of psychological, ‘no-touch’ torture that superceded the infliction of physical pain. Believed to be more effective in soliciting information from ‘subjects’, the discourse finally revealed its devastating and long lasting effect that erodes the stability in psychological state of mind of those subjected to this approach. McCoy was effective in his style of presenting a clear structure through initially detailing the features and methods of the psychological torture to achieve its goals. By providing illustrations through narrative depiction of the details that go through the various stages, readers are moved and made to empathize with the victim. Through the use of citations McCoy tried to objectively indicate the use of this method from the time it was codified in 1963 up to emergent and validated incidents that supported evidence of its application in contemporary times (arrest of Al Qaeda suspects, September 2001; at Bagram Air Base near Kabul, 2002).

Marketing Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Intelligence - Essay Example Conducted studies and research have also shown that the cultural background of an individual also influences the type of products and services they purchase and use (Moss and Atre, 2003). As a marketer it is important to understand the behaviour of consumers to be able to influence the decisions that they make. This includes the reasons that influence buyers to purchase certain products. In our case we should strive at understanding the reasons that make consumers use perfumes, deodorants, body sprays and after shaves. It is also important to understand the factors that influence consumers to make their buying decisions. The society and the changes it faces also influence the buying decisions of consumers. Therefore, it is necessary to study it to effectively understand how it affects consumer buying behaviour. This can be achieved by creation of marketing programs that will interest customers especially when launching new products into the market for instance the use of advertisements. Such kind of knowledge will enable the firm to easily determine the priorities and preference of consumers. In our scenario the firm will be able to determine the reaction and perception that the buyers will have towards the marketing strategies that will be implemented. Therefore, the firm will be in a better position of predicting the success rate of the marketing strategies formulated by studying the response that the consumers will portray towards our new cosmetic products. The firm will also be able to appropriately elaborate on the marketing mix concepts which include what, where, when and how factors that will satisfy consumers and at the same time lure them. Consumers make purchases in order to satisfy their needs which may be basic (clothing, housing, food, shelter and medical attention) or survival needs which vary depending on an individual’s preference and

Article Review responses Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article Review responses - Assignment Example Enron reaction of the public, creditor and regulatory agency’s increasing awareness of company’s attempt to used financial acrobatics to make the company appear stable and profitable. In the case of Penguin, it removed depreciation from its Cost of Goods Sold which is a standard cost of recognizing wear and tear to make it appear to have a more than above industry average Gross Profit Margin of 39.56 percent. It may be less in severity but it is no different from Enron’s â€Å"future’s marketing† where they recorded future sales (sales which are not realize) to make the company appear profitable even if those sales are not yet realized. This of course looks good on paper thereby increasing the valuation of its stock in the market duping its investors to invest on its stocks. Penguin may have said it to be unintentional but again, this practice is far from desirable. If indeed Penguin did not intend to commit a shady accounting practice to make the company appear to have a higher Gross Profit Margin, it should then revise its accounting method according to GAAP and follow absorption costing that would reflect the true cost of its product and

Tourism in the Kingdom of Jordan Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tourism in the Kingdom of Jordan - Case Study Example It is a small Arab country with not much supply of water and other natural resources like oil. Debt, poverty, and unemployment are fundamental problems, but since 1999, some broad economic reforms have been in place in a long-term effort to improve living standards. Under the leadership of King Abdullah, Jordan's government has taken some concrete steps towards encouraging foreign investment in the country. Key areas where maximum attention is being paid include tourisms and services. The country's economy largely depends on services, tourism and foreign aid. Tourism in general is being developed the world over as a revenue spinning industry Jordan too has an ambitious plan for inviting the attention of the world's touring community towards its vast historic treasures and nature's gifts to the country. Thourhg this study we'd like to analyse; Tourism being one of the key sectors for Jordanian economy, the government of Jordan has realized the potential of this rapidly growing sector, and the government is supporting the industry with aggressive marketing strategy with an aim to promote Jordan as a boutique destination. Despite being in the midst of disturbed surroundings the number of regional tourists is rising sharply. Now the government is paying more attention towards attracting the high-yield visitors from outside the Middle East. In this era of globalisation, tourism is said to drive transnational flows of people, commodities and capital. This flow results in circulation of globally coordinated production networks governed by Multi national corporations in the business of airlines, tour operators and hotel management (Hazbun, 313). As per the studies undertaken by organisation like CountryWatch (83) and Country Insight (3), the flow of tourists has been on an upward journey. The figure below takes a look at the num ber of tourists that arrived in the region for the period 1998-2004. Until the late 1990s Jordan's tourism sector remained hugely underdeveloped, with regional political instability doing most of the damage. Since there was no real effort on the part of the government of Jordan to come out of the shell and market the potentials of the country, the region remained largely un-explored. But with the concepts of globalisation have now made the government understand the benefits of being pro market. In fact Jordan realizes (EIU, 1) that it can't be a direct competitor for other popular Arab holiday destinations like Cairo or Beirut, but now Jordan has actually started selling its holiday proposition by way of offering quiet family holiday. This has materialized in earning revenues as well, which is reflected by some of the key points of tourism industry in Jordan like (Euromonitor, 2); Jordan received US$783 million in tourism receipts in 2004 and this is expected to rise to US$826 million in 2005. Tourism accounts for around 10% of the Kingdom's GDP. Tourism is the largest export sector, the second largest private sector employer and the second most important form of foreign exchange for the country. The

Article Review responses Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article Review responses - Assignment Example Enron reaction of the public, creditor and regulatory agency’s increasing awareness of company’s attempt to used financial acrobatics to make the company appear stable and profitable. In the case of Penguin, it removed depreciation from its Cost of Goods Sold which is a standard cost of recognizing wear and tear to make it appear to have a more than above industry average Gross Profit Margin of 39.56 percent. It may be less in severity but it is no different from Enron’s â€Å"future’s marketing† where they recorded future sales (sales which are not realize) to make the company appear profitable even if those sales are not yet realized. This of course looks good on paper thereby increasing the valuation of its stock in the market duping its investors to invest on its stocks. Penguin may have said it to be unintentional but again, this practice is far from desirable. If indeed Penguin did not intend to commit a shady accounting practice to make the company appear to have a higher Gross Profit Margin, it should then revise its accounting method according to GAAP and follow absorption costing that would reflect the true cost of its product and

Educate parent attending accidebt emergency how to manage childs fever Research Proposal

Educate parent attending accidebt emergency how to manage childs fever at home - Research Proposal Example Managing childhood fever, will aid reduce various parental complaints for fever and reduce the chances of children death or complications resulting from unmanaged fever. Ways of maintaining fever at home Parents determine their children fever via behavioral changes they mainly link to fever. Parents realize immunological advantageous impacts linked to fever and some belief that fever is harmful and causes brain damage and convulsion of febrile. Therefore, to prevent adverse effects of fever, parents must monitor body temperatures of their children, use antipyretics, ensure their children wear light clothing and wash them with cold water or tepid. When a baby has a bacterial or viral infection, it is obvious for him to develop a fever and the fever will not harm the child, (Douglas 23). Children under the age of six months should seek medical attention while older children may be treated at home. Nevertheless, they should be presented to the hospital for medical attention if the fever last over two days. Methods of taking a child’s temperature There are various ways of taking a child’s temperature at home, for instance, rectal, oral (mouth), under the armpit and in the ear (tympanic). The correct method depends on the age of the child. The parent should ensure that the measurements are accurate. For example, using rectal method is the most accurate way, but most children under the age of two do not like this method. Even though, using axillary method is not extremely precise, it may help parents to know whether their children have fever, (Berger, Ann, John and Roenn 41). Temperature management Conventional treatment Various over the counter medications can be administered to manage fever at home, for instance, acetaminophen, aspirin and ibuprofen. Parents should avoid aspirin use because aspirin may lead to adverse side effects, such as fatal Reye’s syndrome leading to inflammation of the brain and vomiting. Parents can manage their children ’s fever by utilizing a cold sponge, and encouraging their children to take increased amounts of cold liquids like ice pops. It is healthy to give young children increased amounts of fluids contain electrolytes because fever quickly dehydrates them. The cold liquids aids cool the body and keep the baby hydrated. One can also use a fan. Always set the fan at minimal setting and direct it to have the air circulation around the child and avoid blowing the air directly to him, (Douglas 26). Additionally, reduce clothing layers so that the baby can lose increased eat easily through the skin. In addition, dress that baby in light clothing and let her stay indoors or under shade to reduce body temperature. Similarly, parents can manage fever in children by giving their children a lukewarm spongy bath. The body cools as the water evaporates from the skin, thus the body temperature lowers. For instance, if the body temperatures are too high, place a wet or damp piece of cloth on the f orehead of a child as she rests. In addition, the parent should ensure that the child gets enough rest. Since fever is because of a potential infection, a child’s body requires plenty of rest or sleep to fight off the agent causing the infection. Experts agree also that having fever makes a child feel exhausted and achy. Therefore, during this period, parents should motivate the children to have plenty of rest

Diversity, equality and inclusion in a work setting Essay Example for Free

Diversity, equality and inclusion in a work setting Essay Diversity means variety. The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. It is about understanding each other and moving beyond simple tolerance to embracing and celebrating the rich dimensions of diversity contained within each individual. Diversity is a reality created by individuals and groups from a broad spectrum of demographic and philosophical differences. It is extremely important to support and protect diversity because by valuing individuals and groups free from prejudice, and by fostering a climate where equity and mutual respect are intrinsic. Diversity means more than just acknowledging and/or tolerating difference. Diversity is a set of conscious practices that involve: ï‚ §Understanding and appreciating interdependence of humanity, cultures, and the natural environment. ï‚ §Practicing mutual respect for qualities and experiences that are different from our own. ï‚ §Understanding that diversity includes not only ways of being but also ways of knowing; ï‚ §Recognizing that personal, cultural and institutionalized discrimination creates and sustains privileges for some while creating and sustaining disadvantages for others; ï‚ §Building alliances across differences so that we can work together to eradicate all forms of discrimination. Diversity includes, therefore, knowing how to relate to those qualities and conditions that are different from our own and outside the groups to which we belong, yet are present in other individuals and groups. These include but are not limited to age, ethnicity, class, gender, physical abilities/qualities, race, sexual orientation, as well as religious status, gender expression, educational background, geographical location, income, marital status, parental status, and work experiences. Finally, we acknowledge that categories of difference are not always fixed but also can be fluid, we respect individual rights to self-identification, and we recognize that no one culture is intrinsically superior to another. Health and social care settings reflect the diversity of the population at large. Residents in a care home for elderly people – men and women, possibly gay and lesbian may range in age from 60 to well into their ninth decade. Each will have their own set of personal expe riences and in locations with an immigrant community, may hail from a variety of different countries. And preferences, for example for food and music, will vary from one person to another, as will attitudes, for example to staff and fellow residents, beliefs, for example political ideas and religious faiths, health status and physical and intellectual ability. Apart from differences in age, sex and gender, physical characteristics, ability, experiences and personal attributes, people also differ in respect of their: Diet, for example different health conditions mean that some people have specific dietary needs, and vegetarians and vegans can’t take medication that is derived from animals. Religious faith, for example some religions have specific requirements with respect to diet and method of worship, others require the use of running water to maintain personal hygiene, the right hand for eating and the left for personal cleansing after using the toilet, and so on. Need for modesty and dignity, for example some people aren’t comfortable being touched or seen undressed by someone of the opposite sex or that they don’t know; and different people have different ideas about how to be addressed when being spoken to. Communication, for example different physical and mental health conditions require the use of different methods of communication; some people express their fear, pain and grief freely and openly whilst others are more reserved; and different people have different ideas about the extent of their personal space. Working with and getting to know a diverse range of people – service users, patients, their friends and family, colleagues and other professionals enables health and social care workers to develop their knowledge and understanding of different ways of thinking and living and the reasons for different behaviours. As a consequence, tolerance of and respect for others develops, both of which are essential for meeting diverse – and individual – needs. And having their differences acknowledged and understood helps people to develop a sense of belonging. In addition, learning about different ways of thinking and living can be life-enriching. We become more open-minded to new experiences, opportunities and challenges, and are able to develop new relationships. As a result we grow as human beings and are able to achieve our full potential. Equality Equality is about treating people fairly, regardless of their differences, by ensuring that they have access to the same life opportunities as everyone else, ie that they have equal opportunities. Life opportunities include: Housing. Warmth and shelter are basic human needs. Education and employment. Just about everybody is capable of learning, and education not only enables us to find employment, it helps us to realize our full potential as human beings. Transport, without which we couldn’t get to work, to the shops, to see friends and family, to gp and hospital appointments, and so on. Health and social care, which all of us need at some point in our lives. Having enough money to buy a decent quality of life and not live in poverty. Being able to buy goods and services, in person, by telephone or online using cash, cheques, credit or debit cards or electronic transfer. Some people need extra help to access life opportunities. For example, having a physical or sensory disability can impact on gaining an education, a job, using public transport, getting to the doctors; and being elderly or mentally ill can affect an individual’s ability to maintain a decent standard of living, buy goods and services, speak up for themselves and have others listen to them. For this reason, equality is also about giving people help, providing them with appropriate services, so that they are not disadvantaged or treated less fairly than anyone else. People are disadvantaged for many reasons, but usually because they are different with respect to their: Appearance. Racial harassment and attacks are usually acted out on people whose appearance, for exam ple their skin colour and style of dress, is different from that of the perpetrator. Sex. Men are still more likely to be better paid than women and to reach the top of the career ladder, and some jobs are still perceived and advertised as being ’women’s’ or ‘men’s’ work. Sexual orientation. Gays and lesbians remain subject to physical and verbal abuse. Age. Older people often describe themselves as invisible, undervalued and a burden because of the way society treats them. Ability. A general lack of understanding about the needs of people with physical or mental disabilities results in them finding it very difficult to make the most of life’s opportunities. Imposing disadvantage on people can prevent them from entering into the everyday life of their community and of society. In other words they can become socially and financially excluded. Inclusion The term inclusion is seen as a universal human right and aims at embracing all people irrespective of race, gender, disability, medical or other need. It is about giving equal access and opportunities and getting rid of discrimination and intolerance. Inclusion nurtures a sense of wellbeing and of confidence in ones own identity and abilities. And it ensures that everyone can achieve their potent ial and take their rightful place in society. The potential effects of discrimination A prejudice is an attitude or way of thinking based on an unfounded, unreasonable pre-judgement of an individual, particular group of people or situation, rather than on a factual assessment. Prejudices can be positive or negative. If we are positively prejudiced towards someone, we think well of them. On the other hand, if we are negatively prejudiced against someone, we tolerate them less. In the main, negative prejudices develop against people who are different in some way. Discrimination happens when we act out our negative prejudices. Discriminatory behaviour results in unfair, unjust treatment. The people most likely to be discriminated against are those who are different in respect of their: Age. Age discrimination, or ageism, isn’t only targeted at elderly people – youngsters can also be on the receiving end of bullying, harassment and undeserved criticism. Sex. Men and women continue to be treated unfairly in certain walks of life, in particular in the workplace. Discrimination based on sex is known as sexism. Nationality, ethnic background, religion. Some people consider themselves superior to those from different backgrounds and faiths. Victimisation, bullying and harassment of people for such reasons is known as racism. Ability. Barriers that prevent disabled people from accessing the same opportunities as able-bodied people and the ignorant acting out of negative prejudices against physically or intellectually disabled people, for example through namecalling and damage of their property, is known as disablism. Size. Some of us are guilty of judging people by their size and treating them unfairly as a result. This behaviour is known as sizeism. Financial status. Discrimination against people on the grounds of their income, for example treating people living in poverty as inferior, is known as povertyism. There are two forms of discrimination, direct and indirect. Direct discrimination occurs when someone is intentionally treated unfairly, for example harassment on the basis of skin colour or religion. Indirect discrimination occurs when rules or guidelines meant to apply to everyone unintentionally affect one group of people more than others. For example, a company policy requiring everyone to work night shifts indirectly discriminates against single parents or people who care for elderly relatives, and menus that fail to offer a selection of food indirectly discriminates against people with specific dietary needs or preferences. Discrimination takes place in a variety of settings, for example within educational establishments, where learners may not be given support and encouragement if it’s assumed that their disability or advancing years affects their ability to learn; in the workplace, when people are persecuted on the basis of their skin colour or sexual preference. In housing, when landlords refuse to let their property to someone because of their refugee status or ethnic background; and in health and social care, when people are denied access to care on the basis of where they live – the postcode lottery. Inclusive work practice Inclusive practice is about the attitudes, approaches and strategies take n to ensure that people are not excluded or isolated. It means supporting diversity by accepting and welcoming people’s differences, and promoting equality by ensuring equal opportunities for all. Inclusive practice is best practise. Health and social care workers demonstrate inclusive practice by working in ways that recognise, respect, value and make the most of all aspects of diversity. Having a sound awareness of and responding sensitively to an individual’s diverse needs supports them in developing a sense of belonging, wellbeing and confidence in their identity and abilities. And it helps them to achieve their potential and take their rightful place in society. In addition, inclusive practice involves having an understanding of the disastrous impact that discrimination, inequality and social exclusion can have on an individual’s physical and mental health. Having such an understanding ensures appropriate, personalised care and support, thereby enabling an individual to develop selfrespect and maintain a valued role in society. Because people who fail to support diversity or promote equality are usually entirely unaware of their attitudes and the impact of their behaviour, inclusive practice in volves reflecting on and challenging ones own prejudices, behaviours and work practices. It also involves challenging those of colleagues and other service providers, with a view to adapting ways of thinking and working and to changing services to build on good practice and to better support diversity and promote equality. Discrimination is an injustice and has devastating effects. The UK has in place numerous pieces of legislation (laws), rules, regulations, guidance documents and statutory codes of practice, all of which are intended to promote diversity, ensure equality and end discrimination. In other words they are in place to promote everyone’s right to fair and equal treatment, regardless of their differences. Acts of Parliament and regulations include: ï€  Ã¯â‚¬  The Human Rights Act 1998. This covers many different types of discrimination, including some that are not covered by other discrimination laws. Rights under the Act can be used only against a public authority, for example, the police or a local council, and not a private company. However, court decisions on discrimination usually have to take into account what the Human Rights Act says. The Equality Act became law in October 2010. It replaces previous legislation (such as the Race Relations Act 1976 and the Disability Discri mination Act 1995) and ensures consistency in what you need to do to make your workplace a fair environment and to comply with the law. The Equality Act covers the same groups that were protected by existing equality legislation age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion or belief, sex, sexual orientation, marriage and civil partnership and pregnancy and maternity but extends some protections to groups not previously covered, and also strengthens particular aspects of equality law. The Equality Act is a mixture of rights and responsibilities that have: Stayed the same for example, direct discrimination still occurs when someone is treated less favourably than another person because of a protected characteristic Changed for example, employees will now be able to complain of harassment even if it is not directed at them, if they can demonstrate that it creates an offensive environment for them Been extended for example, associative discrimination (direct discrimination against someone because they associate with another person who possesses a protected characteristic) will cover age, disability, gender reassignment and sex as well as race, religion and belief and sexual orientation Been introduced for the first time for example, the concept of discrimination arising from disability, which occurs if a disabled person is treated unfavourably because of something arising in consequence of their disabilit. Other pieces of legislation that protect the rights of people who use care services include: The NHS and Community Care Act 1980. This protects the rights of older and disabled people to receive care at home and in the community in ways that take account of their choices. The Children Act 2004. This protects children’s rights by requiring Local Authorities to be flexible in meeting their needs. Health and Social Care Act 2008. This Act established the Care Quality Commission (CQC), the remit of which is to protect and promote the right of people using health and social care services in England to quality care and to regulate its provision. CQC took over the roles of the Healthcare Commission, Commission for Social Care Inspection and the Mental Health Act Commission in March 2009. These pieces of legislation have helped us move forward on equality, but in 2009, women were still earning, on average, 23% less per hour than men; less able but better off children were overtaking m ore able, poorer children at school by the age of six; people with disabilities were still more than twice as likely to be out of work than able bodied people; and one in five older people was unsuccessful in getting quotations for motor insurance, travel insurance and car hire.

Forecasting Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition

Forecasting Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition Introduction This chapter introduces the background of time series and the importance of forecasting. The  motivation behind the project is elaborated and finally the aims and objectives are given. 1.1 Background Time series can be defined as a sequence of observations or measurements that are taken  at equally spaced timed interval (Xu, 2012). Hence, it is a stochastic process and can be  expressed as (Xu, 2012): x(t) = xi; i = 1; 2; :::;N: (1.1) Some examples of time series data include yearly profit, monthly recorded temperature,  hourly electrical consumption. Time series are classified into two categories mainly the stationary time series and  non stationary time series. Stationary time series consist of data which remain fixed irrespective  of the whereabouts. A stationary process is one where the mean, variance  and autocorrelation do not vary with time (Nau, 2014). For example, the financial stock  change of Mauritius remains constant in Mauritius as well as in any other place in the  world. Non stationary time series on the contrary involve data that keeps changing over  time. For instance, if we consider meteorological data of Mauritius, the data collected are  varied considerably from region to region as well as accordingly throughout the year. For  example, we have more rainfall over regions on the Central Plateau compared with the  coastal regions as demonstrated by Figure (1.1) which illustrates the variation of rainfall  collected for Mauritius over distinct regions from 1960 1990.while figure 1.2 shows theà ‚  difference in signal data between the two classes of time series. All meteorological data  including temperature, wind speed, solar irradiance irradiance, sea pressure and many  more weather parameters similar to rainfall have variations both in time and location. Hence, we can conclude that meteorological data are non stationary in nature. Figure 1.1: Distribution of rainfall for Mauritius for the year 1961-1990 Source:http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/maunc1/chap1/chapter1.htm Figure 1.2: Difference between stationary and non stationary series , Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationaryprocess Time series modeling is a vast field of research. The analysis of time series signals can  be extrapolated to meet demands of analytical results and predicting results in various  fields, such as : Economical Climatological Biological   Financial and others Due to its implementation in various fields, continuous research are been done in order to  design model for forecasting with better accuracy and efficiency. The behaviour of time  series is governed by four main aspects namely trend, seasonal variation, cyclic variation  and random variation (Xu, 2012). Trend of time series can be pictured as the evolution of  the series over time and hence gives the forthcoming pathway of the data. Hence, trend  analysis is very efficient in predicting extensive behaviour of data. Phonetically, a general  assumption in most time series techniques is that the data are stationary. Transformation  of non stationary to stationary is often done to manipulate the data for analysis. Forecasting is of high precedence in application of time series as it can predict future  events based on past events, specially when using in the field of limited resources. Forecasting  may be classified as a prediction, a projection or estimate of a future activity. In  fact, we have two types of forecasting methods namely qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative methods are non mathematical computations whereas quantitative methods  are rather objective methods based on mathematical computations. 1.2 Motivation We belong to a world of success in which one of the leading factor to success is our ability  to predict the result of our choices making all of us in a way or another forecasters. Climate consists of one of the major applications of forecasting. Over years, newer and  better models are been investigated so as to improve forecasting accuracy as much as  possible. Investigating weather parameters is highly necessary so as to be able to predict  weather situations which are required in various fields such as aviation, shipping,  oceanography and agriculture. Moreover, it is helps to evade weather hazards. Mauritius  has being confronted to drastic changes in weather conditions recently. We have  already a weather station which is deploying its best methods for weather forecasting  but is unable to predict accurately unexpected changes in weather, for example the recent  flash flood in March 2013 or one of the most worst drought that stroke Mauritius  in 2002. Therefore, in order to prevent further incidents or life taking calamities, it is of  high importance to have accurate and early predictive models in order to take preventive  measures to make sure that the population is safe well before such events occur. This  project comprises of investigating a different method for forecasting meteorological data. Throughout this project we will be dealing with time series models based of data which  has been collected over years and try to foresee future events based on the fundamentals  patterns confined within those data. The most commonly used forecasting model for time series was the Box Jenkins  models (ARIMA and ARMA models) (Peel et al., 2014). They are non-static models that  are beneficial in forecasting changes in a process. Many models have further been developed  among which is listed the Hilbert Huang Transform (Huang and Shen, 2005). Since climate data are of nonlinear and non-stationary nature, Hilbert Huang Transform  is capable of improving accuracy of forecast since most previous traditional methods  are designed for stationary data while this method is efficient in both cases. On the other  hand, recognizing all the advantages of Artificial Neural Network, it is of no surprise that  this methodology has gained so much interest in the this field of application. ANN have  proven to be more effective, compared to other traditional methods such as Box-Jenkins,  regression models or any other models (Khashei and Bijari, 2009) as a tool for forecasting. Both successful models mentioned however carries their own associated percentage  error. As a means to minimize error, both models can be combined to give rise to a new  hybrid model with better performance capabilities. 1.3 Aims And Objectives 1. In this project, the aim is to develop a combined model from two completely different  computational models for forecasting namely Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition  and Artificial Neural Network so as to improve accuracy of future  predictions of time series data. 2. EEMD will be adopted as the decomposition technique to obtain a set of Intrinsic  Mode Functions (IMF) and residual for meteorological time series data for Mauritius  signal while ANN will be the forecasting tool which will take as input parameters  the non obsolete IMFs. The results obtained will be compared with real data in  order evaluate the performance of the model. The idea is to reduce error associated  with each model when employed separately as both models possess their own skill  in determining trend in complex data. 3. Eventually, the model will be applied to forecast meteorological data mainly rainfall  from MMS and wind speed from studies conducted by fellow colleagues. 1.4 Structure of Report   1. Chapter 2 consists of a literature review on the models and their applications 2. Chapter 3 introduces Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and validate the  EMD model. 3. Chapter 4 introduces the Artificial Neural Network and validate the network. 4. Chapter 5 present the results from application of EEMD to meteorological data. The  EEMD-ANN hybrid model is also introduced and validate. Finally the following is  applied to rainfall and wind speed data. 5. Chapter 6 presents the conclusion and the future work.

The World Trade Organization Essay -- essays research papers

World Trade Organization (WTO)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. The World Trade Organization came into being in 1995. One of the youngest of the international organizations, the WTO is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) established in the wake of the Second World War. The World Trade Organization exists to ensure that trade between nations flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. It provides and regulates the legal issues which governs world trade now .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The legal documents of the WTO explore this idea and the individual obligations of member countries. Consumers and producers know that they can enjoy safe supplies and greater choice of the finished products, components, raw materials and services that they use. Producers and exporters know that foreign markets will remain open to them. The result is also a more prosperous, peaceful and accountable economic world. Trade friction is set into the WTO's settlement process where the focus is on interpreting agreements and commitments, and how to make sure that countries' trade policies work together. Then, the chance of problems spilling over into political or military situations is lessened. By lowering trade barriers, the ...

Essay on Anil

How does Valuable present the feelings of the young man in ‘Something Old, Something New? B) How does the writer present the feelings of a character from a different story in Sunlight on the Grass? In the story Something Old, Something New' Valuable presents the feelings of a young man as someone that is always being judged and looked down upon because of his religious choices and how he had converted from Catholicism to Islam.They did not understand that side of him', from this quote I can infer hat the young man's parents did not approve or understand his choice to convert from Catholicism to Islam. The word ‘understand' in the quote shows how the parents could not relate to this ‘side of him'. It also shows how this may create a barrier between the relationship of the young man and his parents as the convert may not have been what the parents had wanted but nevertheless, the young man still persisted with his choice in faith.In addition, the young man is shown by Valuable as someone who is uncomfortable with he big change in culture. This is shown by the quote: ‘Her country disturbed him'. This displays how the young man finds everything unusual. Zooming in on the word ‘disturbed' shows the reader that the young man has been put out of his comfort zone completely. The word ‘disturbed' brings negative connotations to my mind this shows that he is not only seeing a huge change, but he dislikes it too. Alternatively, the writer of the story Nail (Nor) portraysNail who is restricted by the life he was born in to. ‘His dreams were bigger than him', this shows that he had huge ambitions but they are too big for him and unachievable. This was different to the people that surrounded him with very little ambitions in life, or none at all. This is why Nail, the little boy, stood out in the story. The word ‘dreams' is positive and therefore shows that he has hope for the future and still a little bit of happiness, despite his unfortunate lifestyle.

Accounting Research Paper

Accounting Research Paper Dr. Pepper Snapple Group vs. The Coca Cola Company Amanda Herring Tarleton State University Declaration Statement I hereby certify that this paper constitutes my own product, that where the language of others is set forth, quotation marks so indicate, and that appropriate credit is given where I have used the language, ideas, expressions or writings of others. Amanda Herring ID #000078948Zip Code 76707 Table of Contents Title Page1 Declaration Statement2 Table of Contents3Abstract4 Purpose & Objective5 Introduction6 Statement of Problem7 Financial Analysis8 SWOT Analysis13 Decision16 Implementation & Monitoring17 Conclusion18 Bibliography19 Appendix21 Abstract This paper will discuss the financial differences between the Dr. Pepper Snapple Group and the Coca Cola Company, two drink manufacturing companies. It will take into account all of the financial information for 2010 and 2011 for each company, as well as current trends found for both of the companies.F inancial statements for both companies will be included, as well as analysis of both companies’ financial situations. A decision will be made at the end to determine which company is best suited to add to an investment portfolio and an explanation will be given as to why this company has been chosen. Purpose & Objective Dr. Pepper Snapple Group and The Coca Cola Company were chosen because of their sizes and product lines are relatively similar. They are both drink manufacturers with a wide array of different drink products under their label.It is hoped that with this research, one of these companies has a better market position than the other so that it can be recommended to the reader as an addition to their investment portfolio. Introduction The world is currently in a crisis like no other when it comes to the state of the global economy, as is the United States economy. There is always a need to analyze the current situation of companies so that investors and company exec utives know what is going on with the financials and what type of leverage the company currently has, as well as what type of leverage they will have in the future.There is also always a need to compare one’s company to that of similar companies who are competitors in the industry. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast Dr. Pepper Snapple Group and The Coca Cola Company, both drink manufacturing companies, so that a decision can be made about which one to invest in. â€Å"The Coca Cola Company (NYSE: KO) is an American multinational beverage corporation and manufacturer, retailer and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups† (Wikipedia. org) and was â€Å"founded and headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia† (Cooper, Ford, & Stephens, 2007). In 1886, pharmacist John Pemberton created the soft drink Coca-Cola by combining soda water, lime, cinnamon, coca leaves, and Brazilian shrub weeds. The drink was originally sold in Atlanta in Jacobà ¢â‚¬â„¢s Pharmacy for five cents a glass as a soda fountain drink† (Cooper, Ford, & Stephens, 2007). â€Å"Today Coca-Cola’s reach spreads far beyond Georgia and even the United States; the company has become one of the world’s most recognizable corporations† and â€Å"the Coca-Cola brand is one of the five most recognized symbols† while the company â€Å"has early 400 brands in over 200 countries† (Cooper, Ford, & Stephens, 2007). The Dr. Pepper Snapple Group (NYSE: DPS) is â€Å"an American soft drink company, based in Plano, Texas† that was â€Å"spun off from Britain’s Cadbury Schweppes† who â€Å"in 2006 and 2007†¦purchased the Dr Pepper/Seven Up Bottling Group† (Wikipedia. org). They are â€Å"the leading producer of flavored beverages in North America and the Caribbean† with their success being â€Å"fueled by more than 50 brands that are synonymous with refreshment, fun and flavor† having â€Å"6 of the top 10 non-cola soft drinks, and 11 of 14 leading brands are No. in their flavor categories† (investor. drpeppersnapple. com). Along with their â€Å"flagship Dr Pepper and Snapple brands†, their â€Å"portfolio includes Sunkist soda, 7Up, A&W, Canada Dry, Crush, Mott’s, Squirt, Hawaiian Punch, Penafiel, Clamato, Schweppes, Rose’s and Mr & Mrs T mixers† (investor. drpeppersnapple. com). Problem Statement The problem is deciding which of the two companies to invest money in their stock. With so many different stocks to choose from, there is a need to get the most out of investments these days.In order to come up with this decision, research is pertinent. Extensive research must be done by looking at both companies’ financial information in the form of statement analysis, ratio analysis, financial leverage, and comparative analysis, along with a SWOT analysis of both companies and comparing their strategies. The problem is havi ng two very similar companies to choose from, and deciding which is going to be worth investing in the short and long term. Financial AnalysisCommon Size Income Statements & Horizontal and Vertical Analysis Table [ 1 ]: Coca Cola Company Income Statement Analysis (dollars in millions except for per share data) Year Ended Dec 31,| 2011| Vertical Analysis| 2010| VerticalAnalysis| 2009| % Change 11/10| % Change 10/09| Net Operating Revenues| $46,542| 100%| $35,119| 100%| $30,990| 33| 13| Cost of goods sold| 18,216| 39. 1| 12,693| 36. 1| 11,088| 44| 14| Gross Profit| 28,326| 60. 9| 22,426| 63. 9| 19,902| 26| 13| Gross Profit Margin| 60. 9%| | 63. 9%| | 64. 2%| | |Selling, general and administrative expenses| 17,440| 37. 5| 13,158| 37. 5| 11,358| 33| 16| Other operating charges| 732| 1. 6| 819| 2. 3| 313| | | Operating Income| 10,154| 21. 8| 8,449| 24. 1| 8,231| 20| 3| Operating Margin| 21. 8%| | 24. 1%| | 26. 6%| | | Interest Income| 483| 1| 317| 0. 9| 249| 52| 27| Interest Expense| 417 | 0. 9| 733| 2. 1| 355| (43)| 106| Equity income (loss) – net| 690| 1. 5| 1,025| 2. 9| 781| (33)| 31| Other income (loss) – net| 529| 1. 1| 5,185| 14. 8| 40| | | Income Before Income Taxes| 11,439| 24. | 14,243| 40. 6| 8,946| (20)| 59| Income taxes| 2,805| 6| 2,384| 6. 8| 2,040| 18| 17| Effective tax rate| 24. 5%| | 16. 7%| | 22. 8%| | | Consolidated Net Income| 8,634| 18. 6| 11,859| 33. 8| 6,906| (27)| 72| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest| 62| 0. 01| 50| . 001| 82| 24| (39)| Net Income Attributable to shareowners| 8,572| 18. 4| 11,809| 33. 6| | (27)| 73| Net Income per share| | | | | | | | Basic net income per share| $3. 75| | $5. 12| | | (27)| 74| Diluted net income per share| $3. 69| | $5. 6| | | (27)| 73| Retrieved from The Coca Cola Company’s 2010 and 2011 10k Reports The Coca Cola Company has seen an increase in revenues since 2009, though they seem to have higher prices when it comes to selling, administrative, and general expenses during the 2011 accounting period. This seems to be the trend throughout the world, though, as the economic situation has become sour again and prices seem to be rising on all products and services. The cost of goods sold is also higher in the year that has the highest revenues, though this can be attributed to the economic situation once again.The problem with the cost of goods, selling, administrative, and general expenses being so high is that net income has turned out lower, for the 2011 year thus causing the per share income to be significantly lower than that of 2010. Table [ 2 ]: Dr Pepper Snapple Group Income Statement Analysis (dollars in millions except for per share data) Year Ended Dec 31,| 2011| VerticalAnalysis| 2010| VerticalAnalysis| 2009| % Change 11/10| % Change 10/09| Net Sales| $5,903| 100%| $5,636| 100%| $5,531| 5%| 2%| Cost of goods sold| 2,485| 42. 1| 2,243| 39. 8| 2,234| 10| 0. 5| Gross Profit| 3,418| 57. 9| 3,393| 60. | 3,297| 1%| 3| Gross Profit Margin| 57 . 9%| | 60. 2%| | | | | Selling, general and administrative expenses| 2,257| 38. 3| 2,233| 39. 6| 2,135| 1. 1| 4. 4| Depreciation and amortization| 126| 2. 1| 127| 2. 3| 117| (0. 1)| 8| Other operating charges| 11| 0. 2| 8| 0. 1| (40)| 27| 84| Operating Income| 1,024| 17. 3| 1,025| 18. 2| 1,085| (0. 1)| (6)| Operating Margin| 17. 3%| | 18. 2%| | | | | Interest Expense| 114| 1. 9| 128| 2. 3| 243| (12)| (89)| Interest Income| (3)| (0. 1)| (3)| (0. 1)| (4)| | | Loss on early extinguishment of debt| -| -| 100| 1. 8| -| | | Other income (loss) – net| (12)| (0. )| (21)| (. 04)| (22)| | | Income Before Income Taxes & Equity| 925| 15. 7| 821| 14. 6| 868| 13| (5)| Income taxes| 320| 5. 5| 294| 5. 3| 315| 8| (7)| Income before Equity| 605| 10. 2| 527| 9. 4| 553| 13| (5)| Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries| 1| -| 1| -| 2| | | Net Income| 606| 10. 3| 528| 9. 4| 555| 13| (5)| Net Income per share| | | | | | | | Basic net income per share| 2. 77| | 2. 19| | 2. 18| 26| (. 01) | Diluted net income per share| 2. 74| | 2. 17| | 2. 17| 26| (. 01)| Retrieved from Dr Pepper Snapple Group 2010 and 2011 10k ReportsThe Dr Pepper Snapple Group definitely sees a significantly lower revenue standard than The Coca Cola Company, which can be seen as a bad thing because it means their market share isn’t near what Coca Cola Company’s market share is. Even though these companies are in the same industry, it seems that Dr Pepper Snapple Group just isn’t being able to keep up with the larger company that the Coca Cola Company is. Yes, Dr Pepper Snapple Group is also seeing the same added expenses in the cost of goods sold, selling, administrative, and general expenses, but nearly at the percentage rate that he Coca Cola Company is. This means that their net income and their per share net income has grown considerably from 2010 to 2011, but remained around the same the year before that. Comprehensive Financial Ratio Analysis Valuation Ratios| DPS| KO| I ndustry| Earnings per share| 2. 79| 3. 78| | P/E Ratio| 16. 37| 21. 17| 20. 9| P/E High| NA| NA| 2. 6| P/E Low| NA| NA| 0. 8| Price to Book| 4. 27| 5. 72| 5. 51| Price to Sales| 1. 63| 3. 87| 2. 93| Price to Cash Flow| 11. 3| 16. 8| 15. 4| Market Cap| 9. 60B| 180. 10B| | Dividends| 1. 21| 1. 88| |Dividend Yield| 2. 98| 2. 55| | Financial Ratios| | | | Current Ratio| 0. 92| 1. 05| 1. 2| Quick Ratio| 0. 7| 1| 0. 8| Leverage Ratio| 3. 9| 2. 6| 2. 9| Book Value per share| 10. 9| 14. 34| 13. 53| | 24. 3| 17. 08| | Total debt to asset| 29. 17| 35. 72| | Lt debt to equity| 99. 69| 43. 17| | Total debt to equity| 119. 66| 90. 31| 108| Operating Metrics| | | | Return on avg assets| 6. 67| 11. 29| 8. 9| Return on avg equity| 25. 67| 27. 37| 25. 74| Return on investment| 8. 13| 15. 77| 13. 7| Margins| | | | Net profit margin| 10. 25| 18. 55| 14. 16|Gross margin| 57. 9| 60. 86| 55. 48| EBITD margin| 20. 85| 27. 06| | Operating margin| 17. 35| 23. 06| | Retrieved from www. google. com/finance & www. investing. money. msn. com The Coca Cola Company has a higher return on investment percentage than Dr Pepper Snapple Group, which means that Coca Cola Company is generating more wealth out of the investments they are making. Both companies’ revenues are growing, though it seems that Coca Cola Company is again winning out in the growth category because they are growing at a larger percentage.Within the past two years Coca Cola Company’s revenue growth has been 13% and then 33%, which seems to mean that even through economically tough times, Coca Cola Company is still able to see larger revenue than the year before. The Coca Cola Company is trading at approximately four times their price/earnings ratio, which shows that it is a strong company which shareholders expect the price to go up. Although Dr Pepper Snapple Group is trading for around three times their price/earnings ratio, shareholders also agree that they have a strong company.If you look at all of the anal ysis ratios, The Coca Cola Company is outperforming the industry in a number of different ratios. These include, but not limited to, the average return on equity, average return on assets, book value per share, the quick ratio, the leverage ratio, net profit margin, and gross margin, just to name a few. It seems that because of this, barring something unforeseen, The Coca Cola Company will remain the leader in their industry, and a good solid investment for any investor. If you are just looking at these ratios, The Coca Cola Company would definitely be the investment choice you would want to go with.However, there are other factors to be considered still. The Coca Cola Company 5 year Stock Valuation Chart Retrieved from www. thecoca-colcompany. com Dr Pepper Snapple Group 5 year Stock Valuation Chart Retrieved from www. nasdaq. com In analyzing the two stock charts above, both are showing results for the past five years, it seems that the trends in both stocks are about the same. Th ere is a drop in October of 2009, which was the financial crisis that made all stocks drop, though both have bounced back up. Dr Pepper Snapple Group has seen an extremely higher stock price since before the crisis, though it s still not valued at what The Coca Cola Company’s stock price is valued. The Coca Cola Company’s stocks have bounced back up, as previously stated, though not at the expansive amount Dr Pepper Snapple Group has since the devastating financial crisis. The Coca Cola Company is valued more than the Dr Pepper Snapple Group because â€Å"although we think there may be a better time to dabble in the firm's shares based on our DCF process, the firm's stock has outperformed the market benchmark during the past quarter, indicating increased investor interest in the company† (Why Coca-Cola is worth, 2012).However, there is some estimation that â€Å"if recent commodity price trends hold over the next quarter, Dr. Pepper Snapple (ticker: DPS) should demonstrate significant earnings leverage in 2013 – well in excess of current Wall Street estimates† (Gerberi, Herzog, & Metrano, 2012). SWOT Analysis Strengths â€Å"Coca-Cola’s key strategy is its excellence in emerging markets. It has secured strong anchorage in emerging markets and in the event that the American market plummets, it will have a good fallback position† (Bazil, 2012).This is a great thing, along with the fact that they are a global company. This gives them a position to be at the forefront of the beverage industry and allows them to see better revenues than others in the beverage industry. Dr Pepper Snapple Group, on the other hand, has a strength in the fact that they have seen a smaller increase in the cost of goods sold and other expenses than The Coca Cola Company. This is a strength because it means that the company has been able to control costs, yet they still have the same quality of beverages they always have. WeaknessesDr Peppe r Snapple Group has continued to be an American-centric beverage company and could use a more global outlook to add to profits and up their stock performance. This is a weakness because The Coca Cola Company is already out in the global market and has become the face of the beverage industry from the United States. They are well known, and if Dr Pepper Snapple Group can’t keep up with this, they will never be able to achieve the same financial situation that The Coca Cola Company has. The Coca Cola Company has seen a weakness in the fact that they haven’t been able to control costs throughout the economic down recently.They are seeing more revenues, but revenues are not all that matter in the business world. The Coca Cola Company should try to maintain a lower cost structure so that they have a better advantage, and a larger net income. Opportunities Dr Pepper Snapple Group has a huge opportunity to go global with their beverages. They are currently thinking relatively small in the grand scheme of things and could use a global perspective to raise revenues and become a more comparative competitor to The Coca Cola Company. The Coca Cola Company has the opportunity to try to control costs.They need to be able to do this so they can see a larger net income and save money during these economically hard times. Companies that are not able to control costs will eventually not be able to make it in the business world because they will be paying prices that they sales cannot keep up with. Threats The Coca Cola Company has a big threat that could potentially affect them in the long run. If more of their competitors enter the global market, they could see huge competition in this market than ever before.They are the main beverage company that has a large global presence, but other beverage companies will be looking, if they already aren’t, into getting into the global market so that they compete with The Coca Cola Company revenue wise, and see the sa me larger revenue that global companies start see when they branch out to different areas of the world. Dr Pepper Snapple Group could see a threat of all others within the beverage industry catching on to their cost controlling methods. These methods would help other companies be able to compete better because they will be saving money and hopefully seeing higher revenues as well.This cost controlling, though now a competitive advantage, could very well become an industry norm in the future. Decision I feel that both companies should be invested in. There seems to be a relatively good stock market valuation for The Coca Cola Company and Dr Pepper Snapple Group, as well as good return on investment percentages relative to the beverage industry average. I think that half should be invested in The Coca Cola Company because it has a global presence and sees higher revenue and has a larger stock valuation, as well as a larger per share net income because of the larger revenues than that of Dr Pepper Snapple Group.I also think that the other half should be invested in Dr Pepper Snapple Group. I feel that this manufacturer only has greater heights to attain, seeing as they have yet to have a huge global presence since they are centered on their United States market. I feel that investing in their stock now, before they truly go global (which will happen because every company should start thinking on a global scale), would be the best case scenario because once they do start making a larger revenue due to global sales, they will probably see a higher return on investment, as well as a higher stock valuation.Implementation & Monitoring To implement this, you should contact your financial advisor. Your financial advisor will able to help you further assess the situation which I have laid out in this report. They will also be able to connect you with a stock broker, if you already do not have one. The stock broker will then help you invest your money in the way I have ex plained above. Then it would be advisable, in order to monitor your investment, that you also use your financial advisor who can better monitor the progress of your stock investment.If this is too expensive, then you could monitor the stock yourself through websites such as www. investing. money. msn. com, www. google. com/finance, or www. finance. yahoo. com. These, plus many more websites, are very helpful in monitoring your investment in the stock market. It is up to you whether you want to monitor it every day, once a week, twice a week, or once a month. Whichever you choose, make sure that you keep up with it and don’t fret when stock prices take a slight drop. Pulling money out too early, or when the stock is currently falling is never a good plan. ConclusionsWith this paper, I have learned that, contrary to my belief, The Coca Cola Company are not comparative in size when it comes to revenue, or even the amount of different beverages they sell. They both, though, have comparative ratio analysis. They both are around the industry average, sometimes one is a little above and the other is a little below and vice versa, but for the most part they are relatively close to the industry average. It seems that Dr Pepper Snapple Group has been able to control costs a little more effectively than The Coca Cola Company, but The Coca Cola Company has seen better revenues than the Dr Pepper Snapple Group.Both of these companies are on upwards trends in the stock market, even though they are not comparable by price. There is definitely a need to invest in both of these companies because each has their unique competitive advantage. The Coca Cola Company’s competitive advantage is the fact that they are the leaders in the global beverage market, while Dr Pepper Snapple Group’s competitive advantage is that is able to control costs more efficiently. They each have a large product line and could both benefit from learning from the other in different a spects of the business.Bibliography Bazil, M. (2012). Coca-Cola’s secret weapon. Retrieved from http://www. gurufocus. com/news/183815/cocacolas-secret-weapon. Coca Cola Company Form 10k, 2010. (2011). Retrieved from www. sec. gov. Coca Cola Company Form 10k, 2011. (2012). Retrieved from www. sec. gov. Cooper, L. , Ford, W. , & Stephens, W. (2007). Coca-Cola case study: An ethics incident. The Archive of Marketing Education. Retrieved from www. marketingpower. com. Dr Pepper Snapple Group. (n. d. ). Retrieved from www. wikipedia. org.Dr Pepper Snapple Group Form 10k, 2010. (2011). Retrieved from www. sec. gov. Dr Pepper Snapple Group Form 10k, 2011. (2012). Retrieved from www. sec. gov. Gerberi, J. , Herzog, B. , & Metrano, B. (2012). Beating the global heat with Dr. Pepper Snapple. Retrieved from http://online. barrons. com/article/SB50001424053111903857104577462982562697696. html Graph Data. (2012). Retrieved from www. google. com/finance. Graph Data. (2012). Retrieved from www. investing. money. msn. com. Graph Data. (2012). Retrieved from www. hecoca-colacompany. com. Graph Data. (2012). Retrieved from www. nasdaq. com. Graph Data. (2012). Retrieved from www. yahoo. com. Investors. (n. d. ). Retrieved from www. investor. drpeppersnapple. com. The Coca Cola Company. (n. d. ). Retrieved from www. wikipedia. org. Why Coca-Cola is worth $70 per share. (2012). Retrieved from http://seekingalpha. com/article/755581-why-coca-cola-is-worth-70-per-share? source=marketwatch Appendix A – Accounting Research Paper Supporting Files PDF Files Word/Rich Text Files